Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and therapy. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various aspects, including the

Zinc oxide is a mineral renowned for its remarkable strength to protect delicate skin. This soothing ingredient has long been utilized in a variety of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective qualities. Forming a physical shield on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful sunlight